cf68 Pakistan tension escalates, prompting global calls for restraint

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India-Pakistan tension escalates, prompting global calls for restraint

Quang Dung -

Friday, May 9, 2025 | 19:11:12

-Tensions between India and Pakistan have intensified in recent days, with both sides launching the most serious military actions against each other in decades. The conflict has raised international concern.

On Wednesday, India launched airstrikes against multiple locations in Pakistan in retaliation for an attack on April 22 in Pahalgam city in Jammu and Kashmir which left 26 people dead.

Rapid escalation

The airstrikes, India’s largest military action against Pakistani territory in decades, targeted what India called “terrorist infrastructure” in Pakistan-administered Kashmir and sites in Punjab province, deep within Pakistani territory. Pakistani sources said 31 people were killed and dozens were injured.

In retaliation, on Thursday, Pakistan launched missiles and unmanned aerial vehicles against targets in India’s Jammu and Kashmir state and reportedly downed several Indian fighter jets and UAVs.

Michael Kugelman, Director of the South Asia Institute at the US’s Woodrow Wilson Center, said that in a very short time, the current conflict has already surpassed the scale of the military clashes between the two nations in 2019.

Walter Ladwig of King’s College in the UK said Pakistan’s “quid pro quo plus” military doctrine, which means it will respond at an equal or greater level, raises serious concern about retaliatory strikes spiraling into all-out conflict.

UN Secretary-General António Guterres warned that as the world has already been destabilized by conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East, it can’t afford another large-scale confrontation in South Asia.“Make no mistake, a military solution is no solution. I offer my good offices to both governments in the service of peace. The United Nations stands ready to support any initiative that promotes de-escalation, diplomacy, and a renewed commitment to peace,” saidGuterres.

Immediately after the April 22 attack in Pahalgam, India temporarily suspended the Indus Waters Treaty, which governs water-sharing between India and Pakistan. 80% of Pakistan’s agricultural irrigation depends on rivers originating from India.

De-escalation efforts

In addition to the UN, the United States, Russia, China, and the European Union have called on India and Pakistan to exercise maximum restraint, immediately halt retaliatory military actions, and resolve their differences through diplomatic channels. On Thursday, diplomats from Iran, Saudi Arabia, and other countries arrived in India with offers to mediate. Some analysts believe India and Pakistan will contain the situation.“There are a number of elements here which are de-escalatory. Notably, the Indians are saying they avoided striking any military sites. In other words, they didn't attack the Pakistan Army. They said the operation was very carefully calibrated. They're signaling to the Pakistanis that this isn't the beginning of a bigger escalation,” said Shashank Joshi, former senior research fellow at the UK Royal United Services Institute .

Most observers agree that India and Pakistan understand that a full-scale conflict would be mutually detrimental, especially as they are aiming to attract foreign investment and project themselves as emerging global economic powers.

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